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P. Schellart et al., "Detecting Cosmic Rays with the LOFAR Radio
Telescope", Astronomy & Astrophysics, V560, no. A98, pp1-14,
December 2013
abstract:
The low frequency array (LOFAR), is the first radio telescope designed
with the capability to measure radio emission from cosmic-ray induced
air showers in parallel with interferometric observations. In the
first ~2 years of observing, 405 cosmic-ray events in the energy range
of 1016-1018 eV have been detected in the band
from 30-80 MHz. Each of these air showers is registered with up to
~1000 independent antennas resulting in measurements of the radio
emission with unprecedented detail. This article describes the
dataset, as well as the analysis pipeline, and serves as a reference
for future papers based on these data. All steps necessary to achieve
a full reconstruction of the electric field at every antenna position
are explained, including removal of radio frequency interference,
correcting for the antenna response and identification of the pulsed
signal.
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